AKTIVITAS ANTIVIRUS EKSTRAK ETANOL BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L.) TERHADAP MODEL NEWCASTLE DISEASE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23917/ujp.v2i3.116Keywords:
Bawang putih, antivirus, uji hemaglutinasi, Newcastle DiseaseAbstract
Bahan alam, baik sebagai senyawa murni atau ekstrak dari tanaman memberikan peluang sebagai agen antivirus. Bawang putih merupakan tanaman herba yang dikonsumsi di seluruh dunia yang memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif di dalamnya yang telah diteliti memiliki aktivitas farmakologi seperti antibakteri, antivirus, antijamur, antiprotozoal, antioksidan, antiinflamasi, antikanker. Senyawa aktif dalam bawang putih yang dilaporkan berperan besar sebagai antivirus yaitu ajoene, alisin, alil metil thiosulfinat, dan metil alil thiosulfinat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antivirus ekstrak etanol bawang putih terhadap model Newcastle Disease. Uji antivirus dilakukan dengan media telur ayam berembrio (TAB) usia 9-12 hari yang diinokulasi virus aktif ND La Sota dan ekstrak etanol bawang putih dengan variasi konsentrasi 1 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, dan 100 µg/mL dengan metode in ovo. Validitas uji didasarkan atas hidupnya virus yang tampak adanya kejernihan pada larutan kultur pasca perlakuan. Aktivitas antivirus dievaluasi menggunakan uji hemaglutinasi dengan bahan uji cairan alantois yang sudah dipanen untuk mendapatkan titer virus yang digunakan untuk menghitung persen penghambatan virus. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya aktivitas antivirus pada ekstrak dengan variasi konsentrasi 1 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, dan 100 µg/mL dengan persen penghambatan virus ketiga seri konsentrasi 0%.
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