NARRATIVE REVIEW: AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES DAN KANDUNGAN SENYAWA KIMIA DARI TANAMAN PEPAYA (Carica papaya Linn.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23917/ujp.v2i4.178Keywords:
antidiabetic, carica papaya, chemical compoundAbstract
Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman tradisional di Indonesia yang telah banyak diteliti sebagai agen antidiabetes. Tujuan penulisan narrative review ini adalah untuk menganalisis efek antidiabetes yang dimiliki oleh tanaman pepaya (Carica papaya L.) beserta kandungan senyawa yang mempengaruhinya. Penulisan narrative review ini disusun berdasarkan artikel yang ditelusuri melalui database google scholar menggunakan kata kunci "(Carica papaya or Pepaya) and (antidiabetic or hypoglycemic) and (rat or mice)”. Kriteria inklusi yang digunakan meliputi literature primer dengan desain preclinical trial yang membahas mengenai aktivitas tanaman pepaya (Carica papaya L.) yang dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa pada hewan uji yang diinduksi aloksan atau streptozotosin, dan telah dipublikasikan dari rentang tahun 2015-2020. Berdasarkan penelusuran yang telah dilakukan, kemudian ditetapkan sebanyak 15 artikel yang telah memenuhi kriteria untuk ditinjau. Dari 15 artikel tersebut ditemukan bahwa pepaya mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah memalui penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase, merangsang sekresi insulin dan peningkatan sensitivitas insulin. Senyawa metabolik yang bertanggung jawab dalam mekanisme tersebut diduga termasuk dalam golongan fenolik, alkaloid, terpenoid dan saponin.
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